This site is
mainly designed with the assumption that you at least have
some understanding of the debate and the science behind it.
At certain points assumptions of a deeper knowledge
about historical events in this field may be assumed as well, but I will
do my best to provide many links by which a reader can
educate themselves further on the specifics if they wish. This debate
takes place largely in the field of logic before
mathematical calculations. It is a critique of the ability
to know what calculations to use instead of the accuracy of the
calculations themselves. This part of logic is what
separates the intelligence of a human from the intelligence of
a calculator. The rest
of the debate stems from both sides accusing each other
of interpreting the results of various experiments with a definitive slant; however,
in recent times, you will not frequently find
anyone to take the Aether side because
of the risk of being labeled a quack and becoming a pariah.
Social acceptance should not be a consideration of
scientific pursuit but in this case it is a
large factor.
The foundation of Special Relativity is grounded
in three primary events. (Long Explanation
Here)
-
Maxwell's equations showed
that accelerating a charge produced electromagnetic radiation
which always traveled at the speed of light. The equations showed
that the speed of the radiation did not change based upon the
speed of the source. This is consistent with analogies to
mechanical waves such as sound etc.
-
Hendrik
Lorentz and others had already noted that Electromagnetic
forces differed depending on the observer. For example, one
observer might see no magnetic field in a
particular area while another moving relative to the first does.
He developed a theory in which ether underwent a shortening
and time dilation. This was known as Lorentz Ether
Theory (LET) and it was criticized, even by Lorentz
himself because of its ad
hoc nature.
-
The
Michelson-Morley Experiment was carried out with
Maxwell's equations in mind and the thought that the earths
progression through the Aether should be able to be measured; herein lies
the largest part of the contention. During the period in which some
of these tests were carried out, there were both positive and
negative results found by many notable scientists. Unfortunately,
the positive results were ignored or interpreted with a
bent. Subsequently, a movement emerged that the speed of light does not
vary with the speed of the observer, and since—according to
Maxwell's equations—it does not vary with the speed of the source,
the speed of light must be invariant for all
observers.
Though
Einstein is, of course, is credited with the origination of the
Theory of Relativity, history seems to indicate that Einstein was actually more
its assembler than creator. ( Einstein The Irrational
Plagiarist)
"The secret to creativity is
knowing how to hide your sources." -Albert
Einstein
We
will be revisiting the
contentions of those respected scientists of that time, and
the interpretations of various experiments. Even 30 years
after the publication of Einstein's theory, a consensus was not
reached. A very large portion of of the scientific community still
were attempting to find better ways to detect the Aether and did
not believe that the Relativity theory held water against the scientific
evidence. Some of the most notable scientists were Dayton Miller and
Georges Sagnac. Miller was an associate of Edward Morley, who
conducted many years of positive resulting Aether tests with far
more precise equipment than the original MMX, and I believe he was
the first to conceive the notion of "Earth Entrained
Ether". Sagnac devised another successful Aether detecting
experiment and though the results are widely accepted, proponents of
relativity attempt to fit it into their model. The largest
contribution to ending the debate was the use of the atomic bomb.
This one success emotionally overshadowed any arguments. Fully in
view of the public across the entire world on August 6, 1945 Einstein, a man who
detested war, single-handedly ended the worst war this world has
ever seen. On that day, in the eyes of the public, that
man became a god beyond reproach.
The
reason that this debate is important is because of how deeply
engrained in theoretical physics the theory is. Einstein himself,
when speaking of Dayton Miller's positive results said,
"
the existence of a not trivial positive
effect would affect very deeply the fundament of theoretical physics
as it is presently
accepted."